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Basic rails are of utmost importance for railway transportation safety. Due to long - term service, they are vulnerable to breakage under the influence of various factors. Once a break occurs, it is essential to carry out rapid reinforcement and disposal to ensure the safety of train operations. The following are the detailed methods:
Upon discovering a broken basic rail, immediately set up a stop signal at the fault point. During the day, place eye - catching signs; at night or in adverse weather conditions, light torches. Meanwhile, promptly notify the dispatching offices of the two adjacent stations and the track maintenance department to block the railway line to prevent trains from entering the affected area.
Use emergency repair devices (such as bulging splints) for temporary reinforcement. Precisely install the splint on both sides of the broken rail joint, and tighten the bolts to make the splint firmly grip the rail. This provides temporary connection and support for the broken part, allowing trains to pass at a low speed and buying time for subsequent disposal.
After temporary reinforcement, prepare a short rail of the same type as soon as possible. Cut off the broken rail, drill holes at the ends using a rail drilling machine, install the splint, and fasten it with high - strength bolts to firmly connect the short rail to the original rail.
If conditions permit, aluminothermic welding or flash butt welding can be used for repair. Before welding, carefully prepare the ends of the rail to ensure they meet the welding requirements. After welding, grind the weld and conduct flaw detection to ensure that the quality meets the standards.
After the reinforcement and disposal, conduct a comprehensive inspection and maintenance of the railway line. Re - check geometric dimensions such as the rail gauge and level, and regularly inspect the reinforced parts. At the same time, analyze the cause of the break and take preventive measures, such as strengthening flaw detection, improving the roadbed conditions, and adjusting the track geometric state, to prevent similar failures from occurring again and ensure the safe operation of the railway.
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